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Contents
Title and Copyright Information
Preface
Audience
Documentation Accessibility
Related Documentation
Conventions
Command Syntax
Terminology
Accessing Documentation
Changes in This Release for Oracle Database Administrator's Reference
Changes in Oracle Database 12
c
Release 2 (12.2)
New Features
1
Administering Oracle Database
Overview
Environment Variables
Oracle Database Environment Variables
Linux and UNIX Environment Variables
Setting a Common Environment
Setting the System Time Zone
Initialization Parameters
ASM_DISKSTRING Initialization Parameter
DISK_ASYNCH_IO Initialization Parameter (HP-UX)
PROCESSOR_GROUP_NAME Initialization Parameter
Managing Diagnostic Data
2
Stopping and Starting Oracle Software
Stopping and Starting Oracle Processes
Stopping and Starting Oracle Database and Oracle Automatic Storage Management Instances
Stopping an Oracle Database or Oracle Automatic Storage Management Instance
Restarting an Oracle Database or Oracle Automatic Storage Management Instance
Stopping and Starting Oracle Restart
About Automating Database Shutdown and Startup
Automating Database Startup and Shutdown
3
Configuring Oracle Database
Using Configuration Assistants
Using Oracle Net Configuration Assistant
Using Oracle Database Upgrade Assistant
Using Oracle Database Configuration Assistant
Relinking Executables
4
Administering SQL*Plus
Administering Command-Line SQL*Plus
Using Setup Files
Using the PRODUCT_USER_PROFILE Table
Using Oracle Database Sample Schemas
Installing and Removing SQL*Plus Command-Line Help
Installing SQL*Plus Command-Line Help
Removing SQL*Plus Command-Line Help
Using Command-Line SQL*Plus
Using a System Editor from SQL*Plus
Running Operating System Commands from SQL*Plus
Interrupting SQL*Plus
Using the SPOOL Command
SQL*Plus Restrictions
Resizing Windows
Return Codes
Hiding the Password
5
Configuring Oracle Net Services
Locating Oracle Net Services Configuration Files
Using Adapters Utility
Using Oracle Protocol Support
IPC Protocol Support
TCP/IP Protocol Support
TCP/IP with Secure Sockets Layer Protocol Support
Setting Up the Listener for TCP/IP or TCP/IP with Secure Sockets Layer
6
Using Oracle Precompilers and the Oracle Call Interface
Overview of Oracle Precompilers
Precompiler Configuration Files
Relinking Precompiler Executables
Issues Common to All Precompilers
Static and Dynamic Linking
Client Shared and Static Libraries
Generating the Client Static Library
Bit-Length Support for Client Applications
Pro*C/C++ Precompiler
Pro*C/C++ Demonstration Programs
Pro*C/C++ User Programs
Pro*COBOL Precompiler
Pro*COBOL Environment Variables
Micro Focus Server Express COBOL Compiler
Acucorp ACUCOBOL-GT COBOL Compiler
Pro*COBOL Oracle Runtime System
Pro*COBOL Demonstration Programs
Pro*COBOL User Programs
FORMAT Precompiler Option
Pro*FORTRAN Precompiler
Pro*FORTRAN Demonstration Programs
Pro*FORTRAN User Programs
SQL*Module for ADA
SQL*Module for Ada Demonstration Programs
SQL*Module for Ada User Programs
OCI and OCCI
OCI and OCCI Demonstration Programs
OCI and OCCI User Programs
Running Oracle JDBC/OCI Programs with a 64-Bit Driver
Custom Make Files
Correcting Undefined Symbols
Multithreaded Applications
Using Signal Handlers
XA Functionality
7
SQL*Loader and PL/SQL Demonstrations
SQL*Loader Demonstrations
PL/SQL Demonstrations
Calling 32-Bit External Procedures from 64-Bit Oracle Database PL/SQL
8
Tuning Oracle Database
Importance of Tuning
Operating System Tools
vmstat
sar
iostat
swap, swapinfo, swapon, or lsps
Oracle Solaris Tools
Linux Tools
IBM AIX on POWER Systems (64-Bit) Tools
Base Operation System Tools
Performance Toolbox
System Management Interface Tool
HP-UX Tools
Tuning Memory Management
Allocating Sufficient Swap Space
Monitoring Paging
Adjusting Oracle Block Size
Allocating Memory Resource
Tuning Disk Input-Output
Using Automatic Storage Management
Choosing the Appropriate File System Type
Monitoring Disk Performance
Monitoring Disk Performance on Operating Systems
Using Disk Resync to Monitor Automatic Storage Management Disk Group
System Global Area
Determining the Size of the SGA
System Resource Verifier Utility
Purpose of the sysresv Utility
Preconditions for Using sysresv
Syntax for sysresv
Examples of Using sysresv
Guidelines for Setting Semaphore Parameters
Shared Memory on IBM AIX on POWER Systems (64-Bit)
Tuning the Operating System Buffer Cache
A
Administering Oracle Database on Oracle Solaris
Oracle Solaris Shared Memory Environment
About Optimized Shared Memory
Checking for Optimized Shared Memory
About ISM and DISM
Checking for ISM or DISM
About the oradism Utility
How Oracle Database Decides Between OSM, ISM and DISM
About Creating Solaris Resource Pools
About Multi-CPU Binding Functionality
B
Administering Oracle Database on Linux
Supporting Asynchronous Input-Output
Asynchronous Input-Output Support
Enabling Direct Input-Output Support
Enabling Simultaneous Multithreading
Allocating Shared Resources
About Creating Cgroups on Linux Systems
Overview of HugePages
Reviewing HugePages Memory Allocation
Using HugePages on Linux
Tuning SGA With HugePages
Configuring HugePages on Linux
Restrictions for HugePages Configurations
Disabling Transparent HugePages
C
Administering Oracle Database on IBM AIX on POWER Systems (64-Bit)
Memory and Paging
Kernel Parameters
Allocating Sufficient Paging Space
Controlling Paging
Setting the Database Block Size
Tuning the Log Archive Buffers
Input-Output Buffers and SQL*Loader
Disk Input-Output Issues
IBM AIX on POWER Systems (64-Bit) Logical Volume Manager
Using Journaled File Systems Compared to Raw Logical Volumes
Using Asynchronous Input-Output
Input-Output Slaves
Using the DB_FILE_MULTIBLOCK_READ_COUNT Parameter
Tuning Disk Input-Output Pacing
Resilvering with Oracle Database
CPU Scheduling and Process Priorities
AIXTHREAD_SCOPE Environment Variable
Network Information Service external naming support
Configuring IBM Java Secure Socket Extension Provider with Oracle JDBC Thin Driver
D
Administering Oracle Database on HP-UX
HP-UX Shared Memory Segments for an Oracle Instance
HP-UX SCHED_NOAGE Scheduling Policy
Enabling SCHED_NOAGE for Oracle Database
Lightweight Timer Implementation
Asynchronous Input-Output
Granting MLOCK Privilege
Implementing Asynchronous Input-Output
Verifying Asynchronous Input-Output
Verifying That HP-UX Asynchronous Driver is Configured for Oracle Database
Verifying that Oracle Database is Using Asynchronous Input-Output
Asynchronous Flag in SGA
Large Memory Allocations and Oracle Database Tuning
Default Large Virtual Memory Page Size
Tuning Recommendations
Tunable Base Page Size
CPU_COUNT Initialization Parameter and HP-UX Dynamic Processor Reconfiguration
Network Information Service external naming support
Activating and Setting Expanded Host Names and Node Names
E
Using Oracle ODBC Driver
Oracle ODBC Features Not Supported
Implementation of Data Types
Limitations on Data Types
Format of the Connection String for the SQLDriverConnect Function
Reducing Lock Timeout in a Program
Linking ODBC Applications
Obtaining Information About ROWIDs
ROWIDs in a WHERE Clause
Enabling Result Sets
Enabling EXEC Syntax
Supported Functionality
API Conformance
Implementation of ODBC API Functions
Implementation of the ODBC SQL Syntax
Implementation of Data Types
Unicode Support
Unicode Support Within the ODBC Environment
Unicode Support in ODBC API
SQLGetData Performance
Unicode Samples
Performance and Tuning
General ODBC Programming Guidelines
Data Source Configuration Options
DATE and TIMESTAMP Data Types
Error Messages
F
Database Limits
Database Limits
Index
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